The Tirumala-Tirupati region came to be conquered by the sultans of Golconda by about the middle of the 17the century and i i nlained under Muslim rule for about a century and half. This was a period of confusion, chaos and disorder and there was practically in i government worth the name in this region. The Hindu empire of Vijayanagara had vanished and various interested parties like the Qutub Shah, the Mughals, the Nizam, the Marathas, the Nawabs of
Arcot, Hyder Ali, the English and the French entered the arena and added to the confusion and misery of this area.
