The Temples of Tirupati – The Kalyana Mantapa

This is a rectangular structure facing the east and consisting of a pillared hall, a pavilion of black granite stone and a shrine. It has a low Adhishtana consisting of upana, kampa, kampa, adhahpadma, kantha, tripatta, kampa, gala, kapota, alingapattika and antarita. The mantapa above contains three kinds of pillars- (a) pillar with the base and the main part above curved like an arch and three pillarets projecting from it (b) pillar with one pillaret projecting and (c) pillar covered by Salas and Kutas all over. All the pillars are in the Vijayanagara style. In the interior of the hall there is a wide prastara or entablature above the capitals of these pillars. It is decorated, from bottom to top, with two kampas, a Kumuda moulding, a patta, and two kumuda -pattas. Then there are a gala, patta and gala, both the galas containing representations of women exhibiting the Kolata dance. Above are two more pattas. A second capital situated above these pattas supports the roof or achchadana.
The pavilion of black granite stone is at the western end of the mantapa. It has an adhishtana finely carved having the upana,
kampa with-lotus stalk carving, another kampa, adhahpadma kampa, gakk imthvapadma, padmapatta, kampa, gala, kapota and antarita. Above the adhishtana in the four cardinal directions are finely carved pillars each with three pillarets projecting out of the main block. The base of each pillar contains a nasika or gable surmountedby simhalalata. Above this base are sculptures of deities and human beings in fine poses. Each pillaret and the main part ofthe pillar are surmounted by bracket capitals containing many fine sculptures and ornamental work. The Prastara or entablature above is covered on the exterior by a finely moulded Kapota or cornice. The lower side of this Kapota is in stages and divided all over into small square compartments by horizontal and vertical rafters. The inner side of the Prastara is decorated with fine Kolata dance poses. Above the Kapota and on the edges of the achchadana or roof there is a band containing a row of makaras on all the four sides. On the lower side of the four beams above the pillars are circles containing the avataras and other sculptures of Vishnu.
The following important sculptures are found on the pillars of this pavilion:- Bhuvaraha dancing, Sudarsana, Vishnu dancing on a prostrate human body, Srinivasa with a chauri bearer, Rama, Lakshmana and Hanuman, Lakshmi standing with lotus in each hand, Venugopala, Vishnu seated, Venugopala with eight hands, Lakshminarasimha seated, Krishna with four hands as Kaliya- mardana, Vishnu as Anantasayi, Yoganarasimha, Sthauna-Nara– simha, Gajendramoksha, Vishnu riding on Garuda, Lakshmi- narayana, Trivikrama and Rama with a bow and arrow.
There is a small shrine to the west of this pavilion. It contains the Antarala and the Garbhagriha. The Antarala stands on a well executed adhishtana containing from bottom to top upana, kampa, adhahpadma, kampa, gala, tripatta, urdhvakampa,
patta, gala and kapota decorated with nasikas surmounted by simhalalatas, patta, gala, vajana mdantarita. The walls above the adhishtana are decorated with the series-two pilasters, kumbhapanjara, koshtha, kumbhapanjara, and two pilasters on each side. The sanctum behind stands on an adhishtana consisting of upana, padma, kampa, gala, tripatta, kampa, patta, gala and kapota decorated with nasikas surmounted by simhalalatas. The wall above contains, on each side, a salakoshta with two pilasters.

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